A woman wears a veil while
weaving at Kidal in northeastern Mali, in this 2012 archive photo.
REUTERS/Adama Diarra
Critics say they expect that
some communities keep cutting girls after declaring their
opposition to the practice
FGM affects an estimated 140
million girls and women across a swathe of Africa and parts of the
Middle East and Asia, and is seen as a gateway to marriage and a
way of preserving purity.
More than 300 communities across
four West African countries with some of the world's highest rates
of female genital mutilation (FGM) are this month declaring
themselves free of the practice in public ceremonies, a campaign
group said on Tuesday.
The communities have agreed to
abandon FGM after three or more years of discussions about human
rights and social change, said women's rights group Tostan, which
is behind the drive.
The declarations are taking
place in Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali and Mauritania, according to
Senegal-based Tostan.
"The declarations are an
opportunity for community members to openly and collectively commit
to ending harmful traditional practices, including women in
decision-making processes, and ensuring the rights and safety of
children," the group's spokeswoman Joya Taft-Dick
said
Women's rights and gender
equality,we highlights issues affecting women,
girls and transgender people.
FGM affects an estimated 140
million girls and women across a swathe of Africa and parts of the
Middle East and Asia, and is seen as a gateway to marriage and a
way of preserving purity.
The ritual involves the removal
of the external genitalia and causes numerous health problems that
can be fatal.
Critics of Tostan's approach say
it expects attitudes towards FGM to change too quickly and that
some communities keep cutting girls after declaring their
opposition to the practice.
As the world marks
International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation,
UNICEF figures reveal that 70 million more women than previously
thought have been cut. The UK’s leading FGM consultant Dr Comfort
Momoh MBE explains what FGM is and its consequences.
While the public declarations do
not always guarantee an end to FGM, they do at least spark
community-wide discussions about harmful practices and social
change, said Taft-Dick of Tostan.
Support for FGM among women and
girls is rising in Guinea, which has the second highest rate in the
world after Somalia with around 97 percent of women and adolescent
girls cut, the United Nations rights office said in
April.
Nine in 10 girls and women have
been cut in Mali, which has the world's fifth highest rate of FGM
and is one of the few West African nations, along with Liberia and
Sierra Leone, where the practice remains legal.
"These declarations are
happening in some of the countries where female genital cutting
prevalence is the highest in Africa, I am truly convinced ... it is
possible to witness the end of cutting in one generation," said
Tostan founder Molly Melching.
Some 3 million people across
eight West African nations live in communities that have declared
an end to FGM, Tostan said.
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